The onychomicosis or the nail fungus are a common fungal disease that is often confused with a cosmetic defect.However, unlike cosmetic pathologies, the treatment of oticomicosis is a complex and prolonged process, which covers not only the external manifestation of the disease, but also the internal one.In addition, they can be infected with almost all public places.But on all in order.
Causes of nail mushrooms
The main cause of the nail fungus is yeast and mold.They multiply very quickly, which leads to the destruction of the nail plate.In turn, there are many situations in which these mushrooms can enter the skin and nails of the human legs.Among these situations, it is worth highlighting some of the most common:
- Visit a public swimming pool without special shoes;
- Use of someone else's shoes;
- Non -compliance with legs of the legs;
- Reduce human immunity, etc.
Public pools are often quite a rod of mushrooms.A huge number of infected people comes here to swim and not respect the hygiene rules.Consequently, healthy people are subject to a significant risk of infection.
The same risk rises if we take, which is called "rent", someone else's shoes.After all, few admit that he is infected with a mushroom.But non -compliance with legs of the legs can be defined as one of the most common causes of nail mushroom infection.Hyperhydrosis and simply reluctance to wash the legs lead to the fact that the microbes appear on the skin and nails that develop rapidly in a wet environment.As a result of this, not only the nail plate, but also the skin of the legs.
Reducing immunity is not so much a reason as the factor that accompanies the infection.In other words, all previous reasons can become more significant if a person's immunity is reduced.And many factors can reduce it, starting with bad habits to the use of antimicrobial drugs.
Symptoms of nail mushrooms
How does the nail fungus manifest itself in different development phases?The symptoms are quite specific, so it is worth saying it in phases in accordance with the degree of damage to the nail:
- In the initial stages of the infection, a muddy area appears on the nail.It can be located in the center, on the side or on the edge of the nail plate.In this case, the type of mushroom of the disease causal agent is manifested.
- Full damage to the nail plate.The entire nail becomes cloudy, the light stripes appear on it.The surface of the nail begins to change, the softness disappears.
- Detachment.After the entire nail has fallen under the influence of the mushroom, it begins to increase the thickness.Gradually, its structure becomes porous.The free edge begins to lift and move away from the finger.
- The appearance of cracks on the skin of the legs.After the entire nail has already been modified, the mushroom gradually begins to move on to the skin.And the first areas that fall within the influence of the microbes are the areas between the fingers.
With these symptoms, a person can independently determine the presence of nails mushrooms.However, if the first signs of the disease appeared, it is necessary to immediately contact a specialist.
Diagnosis of nail mushrooms
However, a doctor, like the patient, is sufficient for an appearance to understand that the nails of the legs are housed by the mushroom.And the essence of the diagnosis in this case is to determine the type of mushroom of the coarser.At the moment there are four types of nails mushrooms, which differ from each other in the nature of the event:
- Superficial white.This type of mushroom is one of the least dangerous and simpler in terms of treatment.With this onychomicosis, only the upper surface of the nail occurs.There is no stratification, the nail does not detach from the skin.
- Sub -gear mushroom distal.This species is almost completely opposite to the previous type.Infect the lower surface of the nail, from there and start to destroy the nail plate.An increase in the thickness of the nail, the separation of the nail from the skin - in this case, all these symptoms will necessarily appear.
- Mushroom sub -gear proximal.This type of mushroom acts in two directions: damage to the nail plate and lesion of the skin.It appears along the cuticle on the nail and spreads in both directions, that is, on the nail and on the skin.The proximal mushroom is one of the most dangerous and complex in terms of treatment with a mushroom.
- Total dystrophic mushroom.This mushroom is the result of one of the previous species.It develops when the nail plate is already completely destroyed, the skin has occurred around the nail.It manifests itself from inflammatory processes on the skin, accompanied by the accumulation of purulent masses.
Although the fact that the symptoms of the nail fungus are rather peculiar, which allows you to easily diagnose the disease, it is still necessary to contact a doctor.Only a doctor will be able to understand the causes of the infection, determine the degree of injury, choose the correct course of treatment.
Prevention
Like any other disease, onychomycosis is easier to prevent than to cure.In addition, the preventive measures here are quite simple and accessible to everyone.First of all, this is the observance of the hygiene of the legs.In addition, there are a series of events that will allow, if not avoiding the infection, therefore it will significantly reduce the risk:
- The use of special cosmetics to eliminate sweating and excessive humidity of the legs.It is also necessary to use moisturizers if the skin of the feet is too dry.This will help avoid cracks and irritation.
- Wear shoes in public pools, don't use someone else's shoes.
- Wash and dry the legs regularly.It is particularly worth paying attention to the areas between the fingers.Here it is necessary to disinfect periodically using alcoholic or cosmetic solutions.
- He regularly disinfected the bathroom, shoes, canvas, etc.
- Maintain immunity.It doesn't matter how primitive it is, but all previous preventive measures can become insignificant if immunity is so reduced that it is unable to resist microbes.Regular use of vitamins, fresh air walks, sport will help to maintain the protection of your body on an adequate level.
If prevention has not been observed or has not helped, when the nail fungus is detected for the first time, it is necessary to proceed immediately to its treatment.Ideally, the doctor prescribes a combined treatment course, consisting of external drugs, drugs for oral administration.But you have to tell you more about this.
Treatment of the nail fungus
The nail fungus is one of the most complex diseases in terms of treatment.This is simply explained: the spores of the mushroom change and constantly adapt to the changing conditions.In other words, if a specific treatment has not produced the desired effect in the first weeks, this method is likely to include drugs, to which the mushroom easily produces immunity.That's why the treatment should include different methods at the same time.
First of all, it should be understood that the nail fungus must be treated not only with external drugs, although the main emphasis is on them.The treatment of the nail fungus must include the intake of drugs aimed at restoring the microflora and intestinal vitamins aimed at restoring immunity.
Therefore, the treatment of the nail fungus should take place in four planes:
- Local drugs (ointments, gels, paints, etc.);
- Antifungal drugs;
- Medicines for the gastrointestinal tract;
- Groups of means to maintain and improve immunity.
Each of these planes has its popular means that have already shown their effectiveness and have a significant question.It concerns these drugs that will be discussed further.
Local drugs
Local drugs include all drugs that are in contact directly with the place of damage, that is, with a nail.They are entrusted with the main mission: eliminate an aesthetic defect and the destruction of the spores of the mushroom.In the early stages of the disease and small areas of injury, the treatment can be limited only by local drugs.
By the way, it is important to remember that when infected with a mushroom, it is necessary to carefully make sure that the nail always remains dry.This will slow down the reproduction and development of the infection, because bacteria multiply more actively in a humid environment.
Antifungal drugs
These drugs are produced in the form of capsules or tablets.As a rule, the duration of the course of these drugs is 3 months to six months.They are prescribed only after determining the type of fungal pathogen.
All drugs aimed at fighting the nail fungus are divided into different groups depending on the active substance.
Gastrointestinal medicine medicines
The intake of drugs in most cases ends with a violation of the intestinal microflora functions and the gastrointestinal tract.In particular, antibiotics destroy non -pathogenic bacteria, which take an active part in the digestive process.The symptoms of microflora disorders can be the following signs:
- Violations of the feces (constipation or diarrhea);
- Swelling and gas formation;
- Pain and discomfort in the abdomen;
- External disorders, such as a rash on the skin, an increase in hair loss, fragility of nails and hair.
The microflora can recover independently, but this process will take a long time.That's why any treatment with antimicrobial antifungal drugs should be accompanied by drugs to restore the microflora.
The preparations aimed at restoring the microflora are combined in a large group called "prebiotics".The essence of their action lies in the population of the digestive tract by bacteria, which restores the normal microflora and inhibits the negative effect of harmful microorganisms.The main "good" bacteria that are part of the prebiotics are as follows:
- Bifidobacteria;
- Lactobacilli;
- Enterococci;
- Streptococcus lactic acid;
- Nepatogenic types of E. coli;
- Some types of yeast mushrooms.
These bacteria, entering the intestine, perform different functions simultaneously:
- Develop substances that can resist infections;
- Eliminates the ability of harmful bacteria to persist in the digestive tract;
- Destroy toxins and prevent their blood absorption;
- Improve the protective functions of the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract;
- Produce vitamins B;
- Produce antibodies of certain viruses.
By the way, if certain conditions or contraindications do not allow to take prebiotics, they can be replaced by certain products containing beneficial bacteria.First of all, these are dairy products -caseari, yogurt and fruits.
To date, several prebiotic groups have been created, which differ from each other from the bacteria contained in them.Therefore, these groups are the most famous representatives in them:
- Prepared with bifidobacteria;
- Preparations with lactobariat;
- Preparations with colibaters;
- Complex drugs.They contain bifidobacteria and lactobacilli.
The modern food industry also offers a series of products that contain bifidobacteria and lactobacilli.They are regularly advertised on TV and the shops have a wide selection of their tastes and types.
Drugs for the restoration of immunity
The immune system of a healthy person can independently fight the pathogenic microflora.However, finding an absolutely healthy person with perfect immunity today is almost impossible.Transferred diseases, poor quality nutrition, harmful circumstance conditions, taking certain drugs - all this leads to a violation of the natural protection of the body.Therefore, in order to accelerate the recovery with the onychomycosis, it is necessary to pay attention to this side of the problem.
At the moment, there are a huge number of drugs to restore the immune system and everyone differs significantly.Consider some of them:
- Synthetic immunomodulators;
- Microbial immunomodulators;
- Bone marrow immunomodulators;
- Tureal immunomodulators;
- Chemical immunomodulators;
- Plant immunomodulators.
The microbial immunomodulators act as a simulator of the immune system.Restore local and general immunity, which allows you to completely destroy viruses and exclude further body infections.
Chemical drugs are aimed at the production of body proteins, which is able to resist the virus.Preparations can also be taken to restore immunity.And to keep it.In addition, the first effect appears immediately after taking and intensifies within a few months of consumption.
Typsy preparations aim to develop T cells, which are responsible for comparing the virus attacks.The Bosominan drugs are produced by the mediators, which in turn restore all the indicators of the immune system.
Plants preparations include extracts and extracted from plants and herbs that have healing and restoration properties.The most popular are plants such as blueberries, ginseng, raspberries, lemongrass, if annexed with silk, must of San Giovanni, nettle, clover, echinacea, etc.
Traditional medicine in the fight against the nail fungus
There are a considerable number of people who avoid the use of drugs, explaining it for damage, the content of chemical elements in them and other causes.That's why in this article we will talk about some of the most effective methods for fighting nails mushrooms from traditional medicine.
Nail mushroom vinegar
Vinegar is a powerful disinfector, therefore in the fight against the nail fungus that has found quite widely used.In addition, the course of vinegar treatment is relatively short and quite simple.To prepare the solution, it is necessary to mix the 9% vinegar with water in a proportion from 1 to 8, that is, add 8 parts of pure water to 1 part of vinegar.For men, the quantity of water can be reduced 2 times, because they have skin, as a rule, for women.
Before using the solution, the legs and nails must be cooked steamed.To do this, they should be immersed in a pelvis with hot water and hold back until the skin becomes tuberous.Subsequently, the legs must be immersed in a bowl with a prepared vinegar solution.Keep them 15-20 minutes.If the solution burns the skin, the procedure must be reduced.
The course of the treatment lasts only two weeks.In this case, the procedures must be performed once every two days.After that, the nails begin to detach themselves and new grow in their place.If the disease is in an advanced phase, the course must be repeated 1-2 times up to a complete recovery.
Iodine: the mushroom will pass
The course of the treatment of the nail fungus with iodine is about 3 weeks.Two procedures must be performed one day.It is advisable to do it in the morning and in the evening.For treatment, lubricate the plates for damaged nails with iodine.
By the way, doctors recommend applying plates for healthy nails, because an infection could already occur under them, which is invisible to the human eye.Doctors also note that combustion in the application area can mean that this treatment benefits.
Nail birch tar
For the treatment of the nail fungus, it is possible to use drugs based on birch tar.It can be 10 or 30 %ointments or drugs with a tar beef.In addition, the drug can be prepared independently.
To prepare the tar, you need to take a bucket with holes in the lower part, fold a birch bark and hang a bucket on another bucket or pot.The process of obtaining tar is quite long and scrupulous, but consequently you will get a high quality product without any impurities.
The course of the tar treatment is 2 weeks.To do this, a tar beef is applied to interested nails, the finger is wrapped in polyethylene.After 3-4 hours, wash off the tar.Apply the drug 1-2 times a day, depending on the degree of damage.If after the first course the complete recovery has not occurred, after a week the course should be repeated.
Vodka will help
Another popular disinfector is vodka.It can be used both for treatment and to prevent the nail fungus.To prepare the solution, you need to take a glass of vodka, half a teaspoon of potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate) and a teaspoon of lemon juice or citric acid.Mix all components thoroughly.Subsequently, the solution must be left in a cool place for 4-5 days.Subsequently, the solution can be considered ready.
For treatment, you need to dip the cotton mat with the resulting solution, apply it on the damaged nail and leave it for several minutes.After that, it should be removed, the nail cannot be deleted.The procedure can be performed up to 5 times a day.The duration of the course can be any and ends with a complete recovery.
Ceilandi and soda food
Celantine is one of the most powerful in the fight against plant infections.In pharmacies, curtains is represented in different types simultaneously: grass, solution, extract, oil.In our case, curtain oil will be necessary.Before the procedure, it is necessary to clean the nails and legs.To do this, prepare a solution: two spoons for liter of hot water.Mix thoroughly and immerse in the resulting solution for 15-20 minutes.Next, you need to dry the legs and apply the curtain oil on the affected nail.
It is important to remember that curtain oil must be applied extremely carefully.If it enters the skin, it can leave it cooking or irritation.
The duration of the curtain treatment can be any and ends with a complete recovery.
These are the main methods for fighting the nail fungus.In this article, we talked about all types of treatment and prevention of oticomicosis.In conclusion, we can only add that when the first symptoms of the mushroom appear, it is necessary to immediately consult a doctor, because to treat the disease in the early stages it is much simpler than the advanced ones.